MFA (Multi-Factor Authentication)

What it is:

MFA, or Multi-Factor Authentication, is a security mechanism that requires users to verify their identity using two or more independent authentication factors before gaining access. These factors are typically categorized as:

• Something you know (password, PIN)

• Something you have (hardware token, mobile device, OTP)

• Something you are (biometric identifiers such as fingerprint or facial recognition)

In modern IAM and CIAM systems, MFA is a core layer of defense against credential-based attacks and unauthorized access.

Why it matters:

Single-factor authentication (passwords) is no longer sufficient to protect accounts in high-risk, regulated industries such as banking, fintech, and gaming. MFA significantly reduces the risk of account takeover, phishing, and brute force attacks by requiring multiple independent proofs of identity. Combined with FIDO2, Behavioral Biometrics, and Adaptive Security, MFA enables secure, frictionless access experiences aligned with Zero Trust architectures and compliance mandates (e.g., PSD2 SCA, MAS TRM, PCI DSS).

How it works:

• Step-Up Authentication: IAM systems can prompt for additional factors based on risk signals or high-value transactions, integrating with tools like PingOne Protect and Adaptive Security.

• Password-less MFA: Combining FIDO2 and device-bound cryptography eliminates passwords entirely while maintaining multi-factor assurance through biometrics or security keys.

• IAM Journeys Integration: MFA is embedded in customer and workforce journeys for login, transaction signing, and privileged access. Platforms like Ping Identity, Keycloak, and Entra ID offer adaptive MFA out-of-the-box.

• Omnichannel Support: Modern MFA solutions support push notifications, OTP, passkeys, and biometrics across web, mobile, and API-based applications, ensuring coverage for both customer-facing and workforce IAM.